Who was known for the philosophy of "rugged individualism" during the Great Depression?

The philosophy of "rugged individualism" is most closely associated with Herbert Hoover during the Great Depression. This concept emphasizes self-reliance and the belief that individuals should achieve success through their own efforts, without relying heavily on government assistance. Hoover believed that during economic downturns, the government should not directly intervene or provide extensive help to individuals and businesses, as he felt that too much government involvement would undermine personal initiative and responsibility.

This belief led to significant criticism of Hoover during the Great Depression, as many felt that his policies were inadequate to address the widespread suffering and economic hardship experienced by millions of Americans. While Franklin D. Roosevelt implemented the New Deal, which focused on government intervention to provide relief and stimulate recovery, Hoover’s adherence to "rugged individualism" has often been viewed as a failure in response to the economic crisis. Other figures like Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt had different focuses and policies during their respective administrations, making them less relevant to the context of the Great Depression and the concept in question.